当前位置:首页 >> 脚本专栏

python中使用asyncio实现异步IO实例分析

1、说明

Python实现异步IO非常简单,asyncio是Python 3.4版本引入的标准库,直接内置了对异步IO的支持。

asyncio的编程模型就是一个消息循环。我们从asyncio模块中直接获取一个EventLoop的引用,然后把需要执行的协程扔到EventLoop中执行,就实现了异步IO。

2、实例

import asyncio
@asyncio.coroutine
def wget(host):
  print('wget %s...' % host)
  connect = asyncio.open_connection(host, 80)
  reader, writer = yield from connect
  header = 'GET / HTTP/1.0\r\nHost: %s\r\n\r\n' % host
  writer.write(header.encode('utf-8'))
  yield from writer.drain()
  while True:
    line = yield from reader.readline()
    if line == b'\r\n':
      break
    print('%s header > %s' % (host, line.decode('utf-8').rstrip()))
  # Ignore the body, close the socket
  writer.close()
loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
tasks = [wget(host) for host in ['www.sina.com.cn', 'www.sohu.com', 'www.163.com']]
loop.run_until_complete(asyncio.wait(tasks))
loop.close()

知识点扩展:

数据流(Streams)

数据流(Streams)是用于处理网络连接的高阶异步/等待就绪(async/await-ready)原语,可以在不使用回调和底层传输协议的情况下发送和接收数据。

以下是一个用asyncio实现的TCP回显客户端:

import asyncio

async def tcp_echo_client(message):
  reader, writer = await asyncio.open_connection(
    '127.0.0.1', 8888)

  print(f'Send: {message!r}')
  writer.write(message.encode())

  data = await reader.read(100)
  print(f'Received: {data.decode()!r}')

  print('Close the connection')
  writer.close()
  await writer.wait_closed()

asyncio.run(tcp_echo_client('Hello World!'))