1、说明
Python实现异步IO非常简单,asyncio是Python 3.4版本引入的标准库,直接内置了对异步IO的支持。
asyncio的编程模型就是一个消息循环。我们从asyncio模块中直接获取一个EventLoop的引用,然后把需要执行的协程扔到EventLoop中执行,就实现了异步IO。
2、实例
import asyncio @asyncio.coroutine def wget(host): print('wget %s...' % host) connect = asyncio.open_connection(host, 80) reader, writer = yield from connect header = 'GET / HTTP/1.0\r\nHost: %s\r\n\r\n' % host writer.write(header.encode('utf-8')) yield from writer.drain() while True: line = yield from reader.readline() if line == b'\r\n': break print('%s header > %s' % (host, line.decode('utf-8').rstrip())) # Ignore the body, close the socket writer.close() loop = asyncio.get_event_loop() tasks = [wget(host) for host in ['www.sina.com.cn', 'www.sohu.com', 'www.163.com']] loop.run_until_complete(asyncio.wait(tasks)) loop.close()
知识点扩展:
数据流(Streams)
数据流(Streams)是用于处理网络连接的高阶异步/等待就绪(async/await-ready)原语,可以在不使用回调和底层传输协议的情况下发送和接收数据。
以下是一个用asyncio实现的TCP回显客户端:
import asyncio async def tcp_echo_client(message): reader, writer = await asyncio.open_connection( '127.0.0.1', 8888) print(f'Send: {message!r}') writer.write(message.encode()) data = await reader.read(100) print(f'Received: {data.decode()!r}') print('Close the connection') writer.close() await writer.wait_closed() asyncio.run(tcp_echo_client('Hello World!'))