从 gif 直观地感受一下效果
我有大量 url 需要访问，但是有些 url 会超时
为了避免超时，设置driver.set_page_load_timeout(3)限时3秒，一旦超时就会产生 TimeoutException
而且超时后标签页就卡柱了，只能通过 driver.close()关闭
如果你只有一个标签页，关闭就直接退出了，还得重启
自然想到先保留一个备用的标签，原标签超时需要关闭的时候就切换过来，然后再关闭，并打开新标签，保证任何时候都有两个标签页可用！！
def visit(urls, timeout=3):
driver.implicitly_wait(timeout) # 操作、获取元素时的隐式等待时间
driver.set_page_load_timeout(timeout) # 页面加载超时等待时间
main_win = driver.current_window_handle
for url in urls:
all_win = driver.window_handles
try:
if len(all_win) == 1:
driver.execute_script('window.open();')
driver.get(url)
# 页面处理
pass
except Exception:
for win in all_win:
if main_win != win:
driver.close() # 关闭卡住的标签
driver.switch_to.window(win) # 切换到备用标签
main_win = win # 切换到备用标签
break
完整代码
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
import time
import requests
import zipfile
import os
def un_zip(file_name, to_dir='./'):
"""unzip zip file"""
zip_file = zipfile.ZipFile(file_name)
if os.path.isdir(to_dir):
pass
else:
os.mkdir(to_dir)
for names in zip_file.namelist():
zip_file.extract(names, to_dir)
zip_file.close()
def download_driver(to_dir='./', version=''):
print('install chrome-driver first')
url = 'http://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/chromedriver/LATEST_RELEASE'
if len(version)>0:
url = 'http://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/chromedriver/LATEST_RELEASE_'+version
version = requests.get(url).content.decode('utf8')
driver_file = 'http://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/chromedriver/' + version + '/chromedriver_win32.zip'
r = requests.get(driver_file)
download_zip = "chromedriver_win32.zip"
with open(download_zip, "wb") as code:
code.write(r.content)
un_zip(download_zip, to_dir)
os.remove(download_zip)
try:
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
except Exception as e:
download_driver(to_dir='./', version='76')
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
with open("url.txt", 'r') as file:
urls = [ line.strip('\n') for line in file.readlines()]
visit(urls)
for i in driver.window_handles:
driver.switch_to.window(i)
driver.close()
总结