在使用selenium去获取淘宝商品信息时会遇到登录界面
这个登录界面处理的难度在于滑动验证的实现，有的人使用微博登录，避免了滑动验证，那可不可以使用密码登录呢？答案是可以的
实现思路
首先导入需要的库
from selenium import webdriver from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains import time
1. 定位登录元素，点击跳转
代码如下：
password_login = self.wait.until( EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH,"//div[@class='site-nav-sign']//a[@class='h']"))) password_login.click()
这样就可以从首页跳转到登录页面
2. 获取用户和密码输入框，并输入信息
input_user = self.wait.until(
EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH,"//div[@class='input-plain-wrap input-wrap-loginid ']//input[@class='fm-text']")))
input_user.send_keys('用户')
input_password = self.browser.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@class='input-plain-wrap input-wrap-password']//input[@class='fm-text']")
input_password.send_keys('密码')
3. 获取滑块元素
slider = self.wait.until( EC.element_to_be_clickable( (By.XPATH, '//div[@class="scale_text slidetounlock"]//span[@class="nc-lang-cnt"]')))
4. 滑块运动路径的实现
distance = 260 track = [] current = 0 # mid = distance*3/13 t = 1 v= 260 if current < distance: x = v*t current = current+x track.append(round(x))
这里的260是根据框的大小计算出来的
从图中我们可以看出来，框的大小是300*40，所以滑动距离是260
5. 按照运动路径拖动滑块
ActionChains(self.browser).click_and_hold(slider).perform() for i in tracks: ActionChains(self.browser).move_by_offset(xoffset=i,yoffset=0).perform() time.sleep(1) ActionChains(self.browser).release().perform()
6. 最后一步：获取登录按钮，点击登录
button = self.wait.until( EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH,"//div[@class='fm-btn']//button[@type='submit']"))) button.click()
代码整理
# encoding:utf-8
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
import time
class Taobao_login(object):
def __init__(self):
self.browser = webdriver.Chrome()
self.browser.get('https://www.taobao.com')
self.wait = WebDriverWait(self.browser,10)
#登录操作
def _put_info(self):
#等待密码登录选项出现并跳转登录页面
password_login = self.wait.until(
EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH,"//div[@class='site-nav-sign']//a[@class='h']")))
password_login.click()
#登录
input_user = self.wait.until(
EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH,"//div[@class='input-plain-wrap input-wrap-loginid ']//input[@class='fm-text']")))
input_user.send_keys('用户')
input_password = self.browser.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@class='input-plain-wrap input-wrap-password']//input[@class='fm-text']")
input_password.send_keys('密码')
def _get_track(self):
'''
获取运动轨迹
:return: 运动轨迹
'''
#滑动验证
distance = 260
track = []
current = 0
# mid = distance*3/13
t = 1
v= 260
if current < distance:
x = v*t
current = current+x
track.append(round(x))
return track
def _get_slider(self):
'''
获取滑块
:return: 滑块对象
'''
slider = self.wait.until(
EC.element_to_be_clickable(
(By.XPATH, '//div[@class="scale_text slidetounlock"]//span[@class="nc-lang-cnt"]')))
return slider
def _move_to_gap(self,slider,tracks):
'''
按照tracks拖动滑块
:param spider: 滑块
:param tracks: 轨迹
:return:
'''
ActionChains(self.browser).click_and_hold(slider).perform()
for i in tracks:
ActionChains(self.browser).move_by_offset(xoffset=i,yoffset=0).perform()
time.sleep(1)
ActionChains(self.browser).release().perform()
def _login(self):
#点击登录
button = self.wait.until(
EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH,"//div[@class='fm-btn']//button[@type='submit']")))
button.click()
time.sleep(1)
def run(self):
self._put_info()
time.sleep(1)
# tracks = self._get_track()
# slider = self._get_slider()
# self._move_to_gap(slider,tracks)
# time.sleep(1)
# self._login()
if __name__ == '__main__':
login = Taobao_login()
login.run()
总结