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python将logging模块封装成单独模块并实现动态切换Level方式

查找了很多资料,但网上给出的教程都是大同小异的,而我想将代码进一步精简,解耦,想实现如下两个目标

1. 将logging模块的初始化,配置,设置等代码封装到一个模块中;

2. 能根据配置切换logging.level, 网上给出的教程都是写死的,如果我在线上之前使用了logging.info(msg),现在想切换为logging.debug(msg)怎么办?需要能够根据配置文件中的 设置配置logging.level

两个文件:

logging_class:将logging模块的初始化,配置,设置等代码封装到一此模块中,读取配置文件中对于log等级的设置项;需要使用log功能的模块import 这个模块

applogconfig.ini: 配置文件

logging_class:

import logging
import sys
import ConfigParser
 
def log_building(log_file):
 try:
 #set format 
 format_str=logging.Formatter("%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s")
 
 #create stander output handler
 crit_hand=logging.StreamHandler(sys.stderr)
 crit_hand.setFormatter(format_str)
 
 #create file handler
 file_hand=logging.FileHandler(log_file,'a')
 file_hand.setFormatter(format_str)
 
 app_log=logging.getLogger(__name__)
 app_log.addHandler(crit_hand)
 app_log.addHandler(file_hand)
 
 #必须设置,否则无法输出
 app_log.setLevel(logging.NOTSET)
 
 return app_log
 except Exception as e:
 logging.shutdown()
 raise e
 
def config_file_get(fpath):
 try:
 cnf_dict={}
 cfg=ConfigParser.SafeConfigParser()
 cfg.read(fpath)
 for section in cfg.sections():
  #将ini中的item组合到字典中,key=section+_option
  for item in cfg.items(section):
  key= section+'_'+item[0]
  value=item[1]
  if cnf_dict.get(key,None)==None:
   cnf_dict[key]=value
   
  
 return cnf_dict
 except Exception as e:
 raise e
def log_level_get(level):
 DEBUG_LEVEL={'CRITICAL':logging.CRITICAL,'ERROR':logging.ERROR,'WARNING':logging.WARNING,
   'INFO':logging.INFO,'DEBUG':logging.DEBUG
 }
 
 try:
 return DEBUG_LEVEL.get(level.upper())
 except Exception as e:
 raise e

applogconfig.ini内容:

[log]
log_level=ERROR
dir=log

以下为unittest内容:

import unittest
import logging_class
import os
import logging
 
class Test(unittest.TestCase):
 
 
 cfg={}
 def setUp(self):
 print 'test begin'
 self.cfg={}
 
 
 def tearDown(self):
 print 'test end'
 
 def testlog_level_get(self):
 currentWorkingPath = r'E:\Myworkspace\python\logging_module\logging_module'
 
 ini_file=os.path.normpath(os.path.abspath(os.path.join(currentWorkingPath,'applogconfig.ini')))
 self.cfg=logging_class.config_file_get(ini_file)
 self.assertEqual(self.cfg['log_log_level'].upper(), 'ERROR', 'OK')
 
 def testlog_level_set(self):
 currentWorkingPath = r'E:\Myworkspace\python\logging_module\logging_module'
 ini_file=os.path.normpath(os.path.abspath(os.path.join(currentWorkingPath,'applogconfig.ini')))
 self.cfg=logging_class.config_file_get(ini_file)
 
 #print self.cfg['log_log_level']
 self.assertEqual(logging_class.log_level_get(self.cfg['log_log_level']), logging.ERROR, 'OK')
 def testlog_building(self):
 currentWorkingPath = r'E:\Myworkspace\python\logging_module\logging_module'
 ini_file=os.path.normpath(os.path.abspath(os.path.join(currentWorkingPath,'applogconfig.ini')))
 log_file=os.path.normpath(os.path.abspath(os.path.join(currentWorkingPath,'b.log')))
 self.cfg=logging_class.config_file_get(ini_file)
 
 #print self.cfg['log_log_level']
 level=logging_class.log_level_get(self.cfg['log_log_level'])
 log=logging_class.log_building(log_file)
 log.log(level, 'dddds')
 
 log.debug('msg')
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
 #import sys;sys.argv = ['', 'Test.testName']
 unittest.main()

输出:

Finding files... done.
Importing test modules ... done.

test begin
test end
test begin
test end
test begin
2016-12-15 17:59:04,059 logging_module_test.py[line:48] ERROR dddds
test end
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 3 tests in 0.004s

补充知识:一种logging封装方法,不会产生重复log

在调试logging的封装的时候,发现已经调用了logging封装的函数,在被其它函数再调用时,会出现重复的logging。原因是不同的地方创建了不同的handler,所以会重复,可以使用暴力方法解决

暴力方式就是每次创建新的对象就清空logger.handlers

我常用的封装如下

import logging
import time,os
'''
 使用方法:
 import mylog
 log = mylog.Log().getlog()
 log.debug("###")
'''
class Log():

 def __init__(self,logger="mylog"):
 self.logger = logging.getLogger(logger)
 self.logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
 self.log_time = "\\"+time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d_%H_%M", time.localtime())+".log"
 # 在进程路径创建log文件夹
 # self.log_path = os.path.join(os.getcwd() + "\\log")
 # 固定在mylog上一级创建
 self.log_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__)) + "\\log")
 if os.path.exists(self.log_path) and os.path.isdir(self.log_path):
  pass
 else:
  os.makedirs(self.log_path)
 self.log_name = os.path.join(self.log_path + self.log_time)

 #因为多出调用logger会生成多个handlers,所以每次调用清空handler
 self.logger.handlers = [] 
 fh = logging.FileHandler(self.log_name, 'a', encoding='utf-8')
 formatter = logging.Formatter('[%(levelname)s][%(asctime)s] [%(filename)s]->[%(funcName)s] line:%(lineno)d ---> %(message)s')
 fh.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
 fh.setFormatter(formatter)
 self.logger.addHandler(fh)
 
 ch = logging.StreamHandler()
 ch.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
 ch.setFormatter(formatter)
 self.logger.addHandler(ch)
 
 fh.close()


 def getlog(self):
 return self.logger

if __name__ == "__main__":
 log = Log().getlog()
 log.debug("hello")

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