前言
本文主要给大家介绍了关于scrapy爬到的数据保存到mysql（防止重复）的相关内容，分享出来供大家参考学习，下面话不多说了，来一起看看详细的介绍吧。
1.环境建立
1.使用xmapp安装php, mysql ,phpmyadmin
2.安装python3，pip
3.安装pymysql
3.(windows 略)我这边是mac，安装brew，用brew 安装scrapy
2.整个流程
1. 创建数据库和数据库表，准备保存
2.写入爬虫目标URL，进行网络请求
3.对爬返回数据进行处理，得到具体数据
4.对于具体数据保存到数据库中
2.1.创建数据库
首先创建一个数据库叫scrapy，然后创建一个表article，我们这里给body加了唯一索引，防止重复插入数据
-- -- Database: `scrapy` -- -- -------------------------------------------------------- -- -- 表的结构 `article` -- CREATE TABLE `article` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL, `body` varchar(200) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL, `author` varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL, `createDate` datetime NOT NULL ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; -- -- Indexes for table `article` -- ALTER TABLE `article` ADD PRIMARY KEY (`id`), ADD UNIQUE KEY `uk_body` (`body`);
弄好以后是这样的。
2.2 先看下整个爬虫项目的结构
quotes_spider.py是核心，负责对网络请求和对内容进行处理，然后对整理好的内容抛给pipelines进行具体处理，保存到数据库中，这样不会影响速度。
其他的看 图说明
2.2 写入爬虫目标URL，进行网络请求
import scrapy
from tutorial.items import TutorialItem
class QuotesSpider(scrapy.Spider):
name = "quotes"
def start_requests(self):
url = 'http://quotes.toscrape.com/tag/humor/'
yield scrapy.Request(url)
def parse(self, response):
item = TutorialItem()
for quote in response.css('div.quote'):
item['body'] = quote.css('span.text::text').extract_first()
item['author'] = quote.css('small.author::text').extract_first()
yield item
next_page = response.css('li.next a::attr("href")').extract_first()
if next_page is not None:
yield response.follow(next_page, self.parse)
start_requests 就是要写入具体要爬的URL
parse就是核心的对返回的数据进行处理的地方，然后以item的形式抛出，接下来定义好下一个要爬的内容
2.3 items
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # Define here the models for your scraped items # # See documentation in: # https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.html import scrapy class TutorialItem(scrapy.Item): body = scrapy.Field() author = scrapy.Field() pass
2.4 pipelines
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Define your item pipelines here
#
# Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
import pymysql
import datetime
from tutorial import settings
import logging
class TutorialPipeline(object):
def __init__(self):
self.connect = pymysql.connect(
host = settings.MYSQL_HOST,
db = settings.MYSQL_DBNAME,
user = settings.MYSQL_USER,
passwd = settings.MYSQL_PASSWD,
charset = 'utf8',
use_unicode = True
)
self.cursor = self.connect.cursor();
def process_item(self, item, spider):
try:
self.cursor.execute(
"insert into article (body, author, createDate) value(%s, %s, %s) on duplicate key update author=(author)",
(item['body'],
item['author'],
datetime.datetime.now()
))
self.connect.commit()
except Exception as error:
logging.log(error)
return item
def close_spider(self, spider):
self.connect.close();
2.5 配置
ITEM_PIPELINES = {
'tutorial.pipelines.TutorialPipeline':300
}
MYSQL_HOST = 'localhost'
MYSQL_DBNAME = 'scrapy'
MYSQL_USER = 'root'
MYSQL_PASSWD = '123456'
MYSQL_PORT = 3306
3.启动爬虫
scrapy crawl quotes
总结
以上就是这篇文章的全部内容了，希望本文的内容对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值，如果有疑问大家可以留言交流，谢谢大家对的支持。