django后台批量导入数据
在生产环境中,往往数据不是几条或者几百条,那么举个例子,将公司所有员工员工号或者帐号密码导入进后台,那就不建议你去后台一条条记录去添加了
如何从xml中批量导入svn记录
第一步:
为数据建立模型
@python_2_unicode_compatible class SVNLog(models.Model): vision = models.IntegerField(verbose_name=u"修订版本", blank=False, null=False,) author = models.CharField(verbose_name=u"作者", max_length=60, blank=True, null=True) date = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name=u"修订时间",null=True ) msg = models.TextField(verbose_name=u"注释消息", blank=False, null=False, default=u"") paths = models.TextField(verbose_name=u"影响的文件", blank=False, null=False, default=u"") created_time = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name=u"创建时间", auto_now_add=True, ) update_time = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name=u"修改时间", auto_now=True, ) class Meta: ordering = ['revision'] def __str__(self): return u'r%s' % (self.revision or u"", )
既然建立好了模型,那我们再去建立接受我们xml文件的models
@python_2_unicode_compatible class ImportLogFile(models.Model): LogFile = models.FileField(upload_to='LogFile') FileName = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u'文件名') class Meta: ordering = ['FileName'] def __str__(self): return self.FileName
ok,以上代码我们定义好了数据和上传文件的model
同步数据库
python manage.py makemigrations python manage.py migrate
接着我们去修改admin.py 让我们可以从后台上传文件,
class ImportLogAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): list_display = ('LogFile','FileName',) list_filter = ['FileName',] def save_model(self, request, obj, form, change): re = super(YDImportLogAdmin,self).save_model(request, obj, form, change) update_svn_log(self, request, obj, change) return re
注意上面代码里的save_model,这里才是关键,在这里我重写了ModelAdmin里的save_model方法
因为我们要把上传文件,读取文件,解析文件,操作数据库合为一步来操作,大家可以打开debug,在上传文件的时候,返回参数的obj里包括了文件上传的路径,这个路径也是下一步我们操作解析文件的关键,好了我们在这个app文件夹下新建一个utils.py 用来操作我们操作文件和数据库的工具类,为了简单我写成了函数如下
先贴一下我们要测试的xml文件
<"1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <log> <logentry revision="2"> <author>qwert</author> <date>2016-09-27T07:16:37.396449Z</date> <paths> <path action="A" prop-mods="false" text-mods="true" kind="file">/aaa/README </path> </paths> <msg>20160927 151630</msg> </logentry> <logentry revision="1"> <author>VisualSVN Server</author> <date>2016-09-20T05:03:12.861315Z</date> <paths> <path action="A" prop-mods="false" text-mods="false" kind="dir">/branches</path> <path action="A" prop-mods="false" text-mods="false" kind="dir">/tags</path> <path action="A" prop-mods="false" text-mods="false" kind="dir">/trunk</path> </paths> <msg>hello word</msg> </logentry> </log>
输出结果格式
r2 | qwer | 2016-09-27 15:16:37 +0800 (二, 27 9 2016) | 1 line Changed paths: A /xxx/README 20160927 151630 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ r1 | VisualSVN Server | 2016-09-20 13:03:12 +0800 (二, 20 9 2016) | 1 line Changed paths: A /branches A /tags A /trunk Initial structure. from .models import SVNLog import xmltodict def update_svn_log(self, request, obj, change): headers = ['r','a','d','m','p'] filepath = obj.LogFile.path xmlfile = xmltodict.parse(open(filepath, 'r')) xml_logentry = xml.get('log').get('logentry') info_list = [] pathlist = [] sql_insert_list = [] sql_update_list = [] for j in xml: data_dict = {} # get path paths = j.get('paths').get('path') if isinstance(paths,list): for path in paths: action = path.get('@action') pathtext = path.get('#text') pathtext = action + ' ' + pathtext pathlist.append(pathtext) _filelist = u'\n'.join(pathlist) _paths = u"Changed paths:\n {}".format(_filelist) print _paths else: _filelist = paths.get('@action') + ' ' + paths.get('#text') _paths = u"Changed paths:\n {}".format(_filelist) print _paths # get revision vision = j.get('@vision') # get auth author = j.get('author') #get date date = j.get('date') #get msg msg = j.get('msg') data_dict[headers[0]] = int(vision) data_dict[headers[1]] = author data_dict[headers[2]] = date data_dict[headers[3]] = msg data_dict[headers[4]] = _paths info_list.append(data_dict) _svnlog = SVNLog.objects.filter().order_by('-vision').first() _last_version = _svnlog.vision if _svnlog else 0 for value in info_list: vision = value['r'] author = value['a'] date = value['d'] msg = value['m'] paths = value['p'] print vision,author _svnlog = YDSVNLog.objects.filter().order_by('-revision').first() _last_version = _svnlog.revision if _svnlog else 0 if vision > _last_version: sql_insert_list.append(SVNLog(revision=revision, author=author, date=date, msg = msg, paths = paths)) else: sql_update_list.append(SVNLog(revision=revision, author=author, date=date, msg = msg, paths = paths)) SVNLog.objects.bulk_create(sql_insert_list) SVNLog.objects.bulk_create(sql_update_list)
我们使用的xmltodict这个第三方库来解析xml,他把内容解析成了高效率的orderdict类型,就是有序列的字典
这个xml中比较复杂的是那个paths里的path,因为这个xml中包含两个元素,第一个元素的path只含有一个path,第二个元素中的paths包含有三个path,因此我们在解析获取的时候需要判断一下
paths = j.get('paths').get('path') if isinstance(paths,list): pass
我们判断这个path是不是一个list类型的,如果是,那我们就按照list的方式来处理,如果不是,那我们就按单个的方式来处理,获取之后按照输出结果格式处理下结果然后获取其他内容
revision = j.get('@vision') # get auth author = j.get('author') #get date date = j.get('date') #get msg msg = j.get('msg')
最后我们将获取到的元素存在字典里
在循环中判断当前的版本号和数据库中的版本号,
如果比原来的小,那么我们执行更新操作,反之执行插入操作
最后使用了bulk_create来操作数据库,这样避免了循环中每次都进行数据库操作造成的资源浪费