1.keepalived介绍
keepalived最初是专为LVS负载均衡软件设计的,用来管理并监控LVS集群系统中各个服务节点的状态,后来又加入了实现高可用的VRRP功能。keepalived除了能够管理LVS软件外,还能支持其他服务的高可用解决方案。
keepalived通过VRRP协议实现高可用功能的。VRRP(Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol)虚拟路由冗余协议。VRRP出现的目的就是为了解决静态路由单点故障问题,它能保证当个别节点宕机时,整个网络可以不间断地运行。
2.keepalived高可用故障转移原理
keepalived高可用服务之间的故障转移,是通过VRRP来实现的。在keepalived服务工作时,主Master节点会不断地向备节点发送(多播的方式)心跳消息,用来告诉备Backup节点自己还活着。
当主节点发生故障时,无法给备节点发送心跳消息,如果备节点无法继续检测到来自主节点的心跳。就会调用自身的接管程序,接管主节点的IP资源和服务。当主节点恢复时,备节点又会释放主节点故障时自身接管的IP资源和服务,恢复到原来的备用角色
3.安装nginx
3.1.主节点(192.168.80.22)
3.1.1.安装编译工具和库文件
yum -y install make zlib zlib-devel gcc-c++ libtool openssl openssl-devel
3.1.2.安装pcre
#进入目录 cd /usr/local/develop/anginx #上传安装文件并解压 tar -zxvf pcre-8.38.tar.gz #进入安装目录 cd pcre-8.38 #检查配置 ./configure #编译、安装 make && make install #查看pcre版本 pcre-config --version
3.1.3.安装nginx
#进入目录 cd /usr/local/develop/anginx "htmlcode">vi nginx.conf #user nobody; worker_processes 1; "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; "color: #ff0000">4.安装keepalived4.1.主节点(192.168.80.22)
#安装keepalived yum install keepalived -y "/etc/init.d/keepalived start" /etc/rc.local "htmlcode">#安装keepalived yum install keepalived -y "/etc/init.d/keepalived start" /etc/rc.local "color: #ff0000">5.测试5.1.启动主备节点的keepalived服务
#在节点一执行(192.168.80.22) /etc/init.d/keepalived start ------------------------------------- [root@hadoop02 anginx]# ps -ef |grep keepalived root 15788 1 0 01:09 "text-align: center">5.3.停止主节点keepalived服务
#在节点一执行(192.168.80.22) /etc/init.d/keepalived stop "text-align: center">6.keepalived+nginx整合
说明:编写nginx守护脚本,如果nginx服务出现故障,则停止当前节点的keepalived服务。自动切换到备用节点。
6.1.编写nginx守护脚本
vi nginx_check.sh "htmlcode">#停止主节点nginx服务 /usr/local/develop/anginx/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop #查找进程 [root@hadoop02 ~]# ps -ef |grep nginx root 15915 1 0 01:51 ? 00:00:00 /bin/bash /usr/local/develop/anginx/shell/nginx_check.sh root 16516 15753 0 01:54 pts/5 00:00:00 grep nginx [root@hadoop02 ~]# #观察备用节点变化【服务正常】 ip addr -------------------------------------- [root@hadoop01 shell]# ip addr 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:50:56:38:e5:46 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.80.21/24 brd 192.168.80.255 scope global eth1 inet 192.168.80.100/32 scope global eth1:1 inet6 fe80::250:56ff:fe38:e546/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever [root@hadoop01 shell]# #再次重新启动主节点nginx和keepalived服务 /usr/local/develop/anginx/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx /etc/init.d/keepalived start以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持。