untraked file 未跟踪的文件，通常为新建立的文件
traked file 通常为建立索引之后的文件
ignored 被忽略的文件，这类型的文件通常在一个文件列表中。维护这个列表的文件在版本库根目录名字为 .gitignore
初始化版本库，保证刚创建状态
huawei@DESKTOP-JTC012C MINGW64 ~/Desktop/git-repo (master) $ ls hello huawei@DESKTOP-JTC012C MINGW64 ~/Desktop/git-repo (master) $ ls -a ./ ../ .git/ hello huawei@DESKTOP-JTC012C MINGW64 ~/Desktop/git-repo (master) $ rm -rf .git/ hello huawei@DESKTOP-JTC012C MINGW64 ~/Desktop/git-repo $ git init Initialized empty Git repository in C:/Users/huawei/Desktop/git-repo/.git/
创建文件查看文件类型，发现为untraked file未被跟踪的文件
huawei@DESKTOP-JTC012C MINGW64 ~/Desktop/git-repo (master) $ echo "hello world" > hello huawei@DESKTOP-JTC012C MINGW64 ~/Desktop/git-repo (master) $ git status On branch master No commits yet Untracked files: (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed) hello nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)
被跟踪的文件通常为建立索引之后的文件，可以通过git ls-files -s查看。至于被忽略的文件可以看下面的演示，将文件名写入到.gitignore文件即可
huawei@DESKTOP-JTC012C MINGW64 ~/Desktop/git-repo (master) $ git status On branch master nothing to commit, working tree clean huawei@DESKTOP-JTC012C MINGW64 ~/Desktop/git-repo (master) $ echo "a" > a huawei@DESKTOP-JTC012C MINGW64 ~/Desktop/git-repo (master) $ git status On branch master Untracked files: (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed) a nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track) huawei@DESKTOP-JTC012C MINGW64 ~/Desktop/git-repo (master) $ echo a .gitignore huawei@DESKTOP-JTC012C MINGW64 ~/Desktop/git-repo (master) $ git status On branch master Untracked files: (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed) .gitignore nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)
.gitignore文件语法
#开头的行用于注释
空行会被注释
目录名末尾用反斜线(/)标记
包含shell通配符，如*。例 debug/32bit/*.o
起始地感叹号用于取反模式