React 中
本地调试React代码的方法
yarn build
场景
假设有这样一个场景,父组件传递子组件一个A参数,子组件需要监听A参数的变化转换为state。
16之前
在React以前我们可以使用 componentWillReveiveProps 来监听 props 的变换
16之后
在最新版本的React中可以使用新出的 getDerivedStateFromProps 进行props的监听, getDerivedStateFromProps 可以返回 null 或者一个对象,如果是对象,则会更新 state
getDerivedStateFromProps触发条件
我们的目标就是找到 getDerivedStateFromProps 的 触发条件
我们知道,只要调用 setState 就会触发 getDerivedStateFromProps ,并且 props 的值相同,也会触发 getDerivedStateFromProps (16.3版本之后)
setState 在 react.development.js 当中
Component.prototype.setState = function (partialState, callback) { !(typeof partialState === 'object' || typeof partialState === 'function' || partialState == null) "htmlcode">function warnNoop(publicInstance, callerName) { { // 实例的构造体 var _constructor = publicInstance.constructor; var componentName = _constructor && (_constructor.displayName || _constructor.name) || 'ReactClass'; // 组成一个key 组件名称+方法名(列如setState) var warningKey = componentName + '.' + callerName; // 如果已经输出过警告了就不会再输出 if (didWarnStateUpdateForUnmountedComponent[warningKey]) { return; } // 在开发者工具的终端里输出警告日志 不能直接使用 component.setState来调用 warningWithoutStack$1(false, "Can't call %s on a component that is not yet mounted. " + 'This is a no-op, but it might indicate a bug in your application. ' + 'Instead, assign to `this.state` directly or define a `state = {};` ' + 'class property with the desired state in the %s component.', callerName, componentName); didWarnStateUpdateForUnmountedComponent[warningKey] = true; } }看来 ReactNoopUpdateQueue 是一个抽象类,实际的方法并不是在这里实现的,同时我们看下最初 updater 赋值的地方,初始化 Component 时,会传入实际的 updater
function Component(props, context, updater) { this.props = props; this.context = context; // If a component has string refs, we will assign a different object later. this.refs = emptyObject; // We initialize the default updater but the real one gets injected by the // renderer. this.updater = updater || ReactNoopUpdateQueue; }我们在组件的构造方法当中将 this 进行打印
class App extends Component { constructor(props) { super(props); //..省略 console.log('constructor', this); } }方法指向的是,在
react-dom.development.js
的classComponentUpdater
var classComponentUpdater = { // 是否渲染 isMounted: isMounted, enqueueSetState: function(inst, payload, callback) { // inst 是fiber inst = inst._reactInternalFiber; // 获取时间 var currentTime = requestCurrentTime(); currentTime = computeExpirationForFiber(currentTime, inst); // 根据更新时间初始化一个标识对象 var update = createUpdate(currentTime); update.payload = payload; void 0 !== callback && null !== callback && (update.callback = callback); // 排队更新 将更新任务加入队列当中 enqueueUpdate(inst, update); // scheduleWork(inst, currentTime); }, // ..省略 } enqueueUpdate就是将更新任务加入队列当中
function enqueueUpdate(fiber, update) { var alternate = fiber.alternate; // 如果alternat为空并且更新队列为空则创建更新队列 if (null === alternate) { var queue1 = fiber.updateQueue; var queue2 = null; null === queue1 && (queue1 = fiber.updateQueue = createUpdateQueue(fiber.memoizedState)); } else (queue1 = fiber.updateQueue), (queue2 = alternate.updateQueue), null === queue1 "htmlcode">function scheduleWork(fiber, expirationTime) { // 获取根 node var root = scheduleWorkToRoot(fiber, expirationTime); null !== root && (!isWorking && 0 !== nextRenderExpirationTime && expirationTime < nextRenderExpirationTime && ((interruptedBy = fiber), resetStack()), markPendingPriorityLevel(root, expirationTime), (isWorking && !isCommitting$1 && nextRoot === root) || requestWork(root, root.expirationTime), nestedUpdateCount > NESTED_UPDATE_LIMIT && ((nestedUpdateCount = 0), reactProdInvariant("185"))); } function requestWork(root, expirationTime) { // 将需要渲染的root进行记录 addRootToSchedule(root, expirationTime); if (isRendering) { // Prevent reentrancy. Remaining work will be scheduled at the end of // the currently rendering batch. return; } if (isBatchingUpdates) { // Flush work at the end of the batch. if (isUnbatchingUpdates) { // ...unless we're inside unbatchedUpdates, in which case we should // flush it now. nextFlushedRoot = root; nextFlushedExpirationTime = Sync; performWorkOnRoot(root, Sync, true); } // 执行到这边直接return,此时setState()这个过程已经结束 return; } // TODO: Get rid of Sync and use current time"htmlcode">performSyncWork => performWorkOnRoot => renderRoot => workLoop => performUnitOfWork => beginWork => applyDerivedStateFromProps最终方法是执行
function applyDerivedStateFromProps( workInProgress, ctor, getDerivedStateFromProps, nextProps ) { var prevState = workInProgress.memoizedState; { if (debugRenderPhaseSideEffects || debugRenderPhaseSideEffectsForStrictMode && workInProgress.mode & StrictMode) { // Invoke the function an extra time to help detect side-effects. getDerivedStateFromProps(nextProps, prevState); } } // 获取改变的state var partialState = getDerivedStateFromProps(nextProps, prevState); { // 对一些错误格式进行警告 warnOnUndefinedDerivedState(ctor, partialState); } // Merge the partial state and the previous state. // 判断getDerivedStateFromProps返回的格式是否为空,如果不为空则将由原的state和它的返回值合并 var memoizedState = partialState === null || partialState === undefined "color: #ff0000">Vuevue监听变量变化依靠的是 watch ,因此我们先从源码中看看, watch 是在哪里触发的。
Watch触发条件
在 src/core/instance 中有 initState()
/core/instance/state.js
在数据初始化时 initData() ,会将每vue的data注册到 objerserver 中
function initData (vm: Component) { // ...省略部分代码 // observe data observe(data, true /* asRootData */) } /** * Attempt to create an observer instance for a value, * returns the new observer if successfully observed, * or the existing observer if the value already has one. */ export function observe (value: any, asRootData: "htmlcode">constructor (value: any) { this.value = value this.dep = new Dep() this.vmCount = 0 def(value, '__ob__', this) if (Array.isArray(value)) { const augment = hasProto "htmlcode">/** * Walk through each property and convert them into * getter/setters. This method should only be called when * value type is Object. */ walk (obj: Object) { const keys = Object.keys(obj) for (let i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) { defineReactive(obj, keys[i]) } } /core/observer/index.js defineReactive 方法最为核心,它将set和get方法改写,如果我们重新对变量进行赋值,那么会判断变量的新值是否等于旧值,如果不相等,则会触发 dep.notify() 从而回调watch中的方法。 /** * Define a reactive property on an Object. */ export function defineReactive ( obj: Object, key: string, val: any, customSetter"color: #ff0000">小程序自定义Watch
小程序的data本身是不支持watch的,但是我们可以自行添加,我们参照 Vue 的写法自己写一个。
watcher.js
export function defineReactive (obj, key, callbackObj, val) { const property = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(obj, key); console.log(property); const getter = property && property.get; const setter = property && property.set; val = obj[key] const callback = callbackObj[key]; Object.defineProperty(obj, key, { enumerable: true, get: function reactiveGetter () { const value = getter "color: #ff0000">使用我们在执行watch回调前没有对新老赋值进行比较,原因是微信当中对data中的变量赋值,即使给引用变量赋值还是相同的值,也会因为引用地址不同,判断不相等。如果想对新老值进行比较就不能使用 === ,可以先对obj或者array转换为json字符串再比较。
//index.js //获取应用实例 const app = getApp() import {watch} from '../../utils/watcher'; Page({ data: { motto: 'hello world', userInfo: {}, hasUserInfo: false, canIUse: wx.canIUse('button.open-type.getUserInfo'), tableData: [] }, onLoad: function () { this.initWatcher(); }, initWatcher () { watch(this, { motto(newVal, oldVal) { console.log('newVal', newVal, 'oldVal', oldVal); }, userInfo(newVal, oldVal) { console.log('newVal', newVal, 'oldVal', oldVal); }, tableData(newVal, oldVal) { console.log('newVal', newVal, 'oldVal', oldVal); } }); }, onClickChangeStringData() { this.setData({ motto: 'hello' }); }, onClickChangeObjData() { this.setData({ userInfo: { name: 'helo' } }); }, onClickChangeArrayDataA() { const tableData = []; this.setData({ tableData }); } })参考
如何阅读React源码
React 16.3 ~ React 16.5 一些比较重要的改动
总结
以上所述是小编给大家介绍的React和Vue中监听变量变化的方法,希望对大家有所帮助,如果大家有任何疑问请给我留言,小编会及时回复大家的。在此也非常感谢大家对网站的支持!